Blackhole: the terrifying beauty

A BLOG ABOUT BLACK HOLE

Black holes are the most fascinating yet enigmatic objects in the universe that have puzzled scientists for decades. They are areas in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, including light, can escape (Misner, Thorne & Wheeler, 2017)The motive of this article is to explore and understand the nature of black holes, their physical characteristics, behavior, and their significance in our universe.

Definition of Black Hole 

Black holes are formed from the remaining of extremely massive stars, after they end their life cycle with a supernova explosion. According to Schwarzschild, they are defined as a region in space with a precise boundary, known as the event horizon. The event horizon defines the gravitational point of no return beyond which nothing can escape the immense gravitational pull of the black hole (Misner, Thorne & Wheeler, 2017). The event horizon separates the inside of the black hole from the outside world, and the notion of space and time change within its area of influence.

Types of Black holes

There are three types of black holes: 1)stellar, 2)intermediate, and 3)supermassive black holes. Stellar- sized black holes are the most common, having masses ranging between 3 to 20 times the mass of the sun. They are formed when a massive star dies in a supernova explosion and its remaining mass collapses to form a black hole.Intermediate black holes are rare and have masses between 100-100,000 times the mass of the sun. Scientists believe they may form either through the coalescence of several smaller black holes or through direct collapse of a massive star in a dense cluster. SMBH, on the other hand, are the largest black holes in the universe, found at the center of massive galaxies, including our own Milky Way galaxy. They have masses ranging between millions and billions times that of the sun and play a significant role in shaping the universe around them.

How are Black Holes formed?

Black holes form through stellar evolution, the process that transforms a massive star from a nuclear-burning behemoth into a black hole. There are several stages of the formation process, each moving the star closer to its final demise. As the supply of nuclear fuel in the core of the star depletes, gravity wins the battle and the core collapses under its own weight rapidly. Once the core collapses, the outer layers of the star will explode in a supernova. The outburst of the supernova explosion leaves behind a high-density core, or neutron star, or it forms a black hole if the remnant’s mass is greater than 3 times the mass of the sun (Misner, Thorne & Wheeler, 2017).

What about Inside a Black Hole?

It is impossible to study black holes directly because their immense gravitational pull vaporizes anything that comes into proximity with them. However, some scientists believe that black holes might have a singularity, a point of infinite density and infinite gravitational force (Misner, Thorne & Wheeler, 2017). The idea of singularity is a mathematically inferred concept that has arisen from studying Einstein's equation of general relativity. When the event horizon of a black hole is passed, it is supposedly impossible to reverse this action as gravity moves towards infinite velocity.

Why Black Holes are Important?

The theory describes space-time as a fabric that can be distorted by any massive object, including stars, planets, and black holes. Black holes, being the most massive objects in the universe, generate a gravitational force with immense gravitational pull. As a result, they distort the fabric of space-time to such an extent that even light has to bend back into themselves.

Conclusion

Black holes remain one of the essential and intriguing objects in the universe. Science's understanding of these objects has allowed us to expand our knowledge of the Universe's fundamental forces, including gravity and the mysterious dark matter. The study of these cosmic mysteries provides a wealth of information and knowledge that has changed the perception of the universe and shed light on our existence.

References: 

"A Brief History Of Time(1988) by "Stephen Hawkings","Black Holes: The Reith Lectures" by "Stephen Hawkings",wikipedia.

Blogger name: Jubaida Jahan Prapti 

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